Annual Hawk Count Results and Techniques

Heintzelman, Donald S.

• 1963. Bake Oven Hawk Flights. Atlantic Naturalist 18(3): 154-158.
• 1964. Bake Oven Knob Migration Observations. Cassinia, 47: 39-40.
• 1966. Bake Oven Knob Migration Observations (1964 and 1965). Cassinia, 49: 33-34.
• 1968. Bake Oven Knob Autumn Hawk Migration Observations, 1966 and 1967. Cassinia, 50: 26-27.
• 1970. Bake Oven Knob Autumn Hawk Migration Observations, 1957 and 1969. Cassinia,52: 37.
• 1975. Autumn Hawk Flights: The Migrations in Eastern North America. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ.
• 1979. A Guide to Hawk Watching in North America. Penn State University Press, University Park, PA.
• 1982a. Hours of Observation at the Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania Hawk Lookout (1957-1981). Cassinia, 59: 78.
• 1982b. The 1982 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania. American Hawkwatcher, 5:1-6.
• 1983. The 1983 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania. American Hawkwatcher, 8:1-6.
• 1984. The 1984 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania. American Hawkwatcher, 9:1-5.
• 1985. The 1985 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania. American Hawkwatcher, 10:1-4.
• 1986. The Migrations of Hawks. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN.
• 1987. The 1986 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania. American Hawkwatcher, 11: 1-2.
• 1988. The 1987 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania. American Hawkwatcher, 12: 1-2.
• 1989. The 1988 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania. American Hawkwatcher, 13:1-2.
• 1990. The 1957-1989 Bake Oven Knob, Pa., Autumn Hawk Migration Field Study: A 30Year Review and Summary. American Hawkwatcher, 17: 1-16.
• 1993. The 1992 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 19: 2-3.
• 1994. The 1993 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 20: 2-3.
• 1995. The 1994 and 1995 Autumn Hawk Counts at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 21: 2-4.
• 1996. The 1996 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 22: 2-4.
• 1997. The 1997 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 23: 2-4.
• 2000. Extreme Migration Dates and Maximum Daily Raptor Counts, During Autumn at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, USA. International Hawkwatcher, 1:19-21
• 2011. A Brief History of the Bake Oven Knob Hawk Count. American Hawkwatcher 36:11-16

Heintzelman, Donald S. and Thomas V. Armentano

• 1965. Autumn Bird Migration at Bake Oven Knob, Pa., Cassinia, 48: 2-18.

Heintzelman, Donald S., and Robert MacClay

• 1972. The 1970 and 1971 Autumn Hawk Counts at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania. Cassinia, 53: 3-23.
• 1973. The 1972 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania. Cassinia, 54: 3-9.
• 1975. The 1973 and 1974 Autumn Hawk Counts at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania. Cassinia, 55: 17-28.
• 1976. The 1975 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania. Cassinia, 56: 1521.
• 1979. The 1976, 1977, and 1978 Autumn Hawk Counts at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania. Cassinia, 57: 19-20.

Heintzelman, Donald S. and Barry Reed

• 1982. The 1979, 1980, and 1981 Autumn Hawk Counts at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania. Cassinia, 59: 62-64.

Heintzelman, Donald S., Dan Kunkle, John Leskosky, and Barry Reed

• 1992. The 1990 and 1991 Autumn Hawk Counts at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania. American Hawkwatcher, 18:5-7.

Hoopes, Robert E.

• 2002. The 2002 Bake Oven Knob Migration Season. American Hawkwatcher 28:5-10.
• 2003. The 2003 Bake Oven Knob Migration Season. American Hawkwatcher 29:5-10.
• 2004. The 2004 Bake Oven Knob Migration Season. American Hawkwatcher 30:4-8.
• 2006. The 2005 Bake Oven Knob Migration Season. American Hawkwatcher 31:4-8.
• 2007. The 2006 Bake Oven Knob Migration Season. American Hawkwatcher 32:4-8.
• 2008. The 2007 Bake Oven Knob Migration Season. American Hawkwatcher 33:4-8.
• 2009. 2008 – Year of the Eagles at Bake Oven Knob. American Hawkwatcher 34:5-9.
• 2010. 2009 Bake Oven Knob Hawk Count Season in Review. American Hawkwatcher 35:5-8.
• 2011. 2010 Bake Oven Knob Hawk Count Season in Review. American Hawkwatcher 36:5-8.

Kunkle, Dan R.

• 1998. The 1998 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 24:2-8.
• 1999. The 1999 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 25:2-10.
• 2000. The 2000 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 26:2-10.
• 2001. The 2001 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 27:2-10.
• 2002a. The Bake Oven Knob Autumn Hawk Count Manual. Wildlife Information Center, Slatington, PA.
• 2002b. The 2002 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 28:2-5.
• 2003. The 2003 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 29:2-5.
• 2004. The 2004 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 30:2-4.
• 2006. The 2005 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 31:2-4.
• 2007. The 2006 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 32:2-4
• 2008. The 2007 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 33: 2-4
• 2009. The 2008 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 34: 2-5
• 2010. The 2009 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 35: 2-5
• 2011. The 2010 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 36: 2-5

Kunkle, Dan R. and Meredith Wright

• 2011. Fifty Years of Counting. American Hawkwatcher 36:19-30

Mutter, Max

• 2011. The Autumn Birds of Bake Oven Knob, 1961-2010. American Hawkwatcher 36:30-36

Additional Bake Oven Knob Literature

Detweiler, Jennifer

• 2008. Daily and Seasonal Timing of Osprey Migration at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania, 1990-2006. American Hawkwatcher 33:8-13.

Ernst, Nick

• 2009. Changes in Autumn Migration Counts of Sharp-shinned Hawks at Bake Oven knob, Pennsylvania, 1974-2007.

Graham, E.W.

• 1972. Swainson’s Hawk at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania. Cassinia, 53: 43.

Gurung, Shanti, Christine Lattin, Gallus Quigley, Raquel Robles, and Veronica Simpson.

• 2004 .A Comparison of Counts of Migrating Cooper’s Hawks Seen at Hawk Mountain Sanctuary and Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania, 1961-2003. American Hawkwatcher, 28:11-16.

Hawk, Steven, Nigar Agayaeva Chingiz kizi, John Musina, and Kyle McCarty

• 2002. Ridge Adherence in Bald Eagles Migrating along the Kittatinny Ridge between Bake Oven Knob and Hawk Mountain Sanctuary, Pennsylvania, 1998-2001. American Hawkwatcher, 30:9-16.

Heintzelman, Donald S.

• 1969. Autumn Birds of Bake Oven Knob. Cassinia, 51: 11-32.
• 1970. An Intensive Inter-specific Aerial Display Between A Sharp-shinned Hawk and A Sparrow Hawk. Cassinia, 52: 39.
• 1972. Speculation on the Possible Origin of Some Sharp-shinned and Red-tailed Hawk Flights Along the Kittatinny Ridge–Autumn 1971. Science News, No. 10. New Jersey State Museum, Trenton, NJ.
• 1982. Daily Rhythms of Migrating Golden Eagles and Bald Eagles in Autumn at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania. Cassinia, 59: 65-67.
• 1982. More Autumn Bird Records from Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania (1976-1981). Cassinia, 59: 85.
• 1982. Variations in Numbers of Sharp-shinned Hawks Migrating Past Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania, in Autumn (1961 to 1981). American Hawkwatcher, 1: 1-4.
• 1982. Variations in Numbers of Cooper’s Hawks Migrating Past Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania, in Autumn (1961 to 1981). American Hawkwatcher, 2: 1-4.
• 1982. Variations in Utilization of the Kittatinny Ridge in Eastern Pennsylvania in Autumn by Migrating Golden Eagles and Bald Eagles (1968-1981). American Hawkwatcher, 3: 1-4.
• 1982. Variations in Numbers of Northern Goshawks Migrating Past Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania in Autumn (1961-1981). American Hawkwatcher, 4: 1-4.
• 1982. How About Hawk Watching. Ranger Rick’s Nature Magazine, 16 (10): 6-10.
• 1983. Variations in Numbers of, and Influence of Intersecting Diversion-Lines Upon, Ospreys Migrating Along the Kittatinny Ridge in Eastern Pennsylvania in Autumn. American Hawkwatcher, 6: 1-4.
• 1989. A Record Count of Merlins at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 15: 1-2.
• 1992. Long Term Monitoring of Migrant Bald Eagle and Golden Eagle Age Ratios and Their Use As Environmental Quality Indicators. American Hawkwatcher, 18: 14-18.
• 1992. Pioneering Raptor Programs at the Bake Oven Knob Hawk Watch and the Wildlife Information Center, Inc. American Hawkwatcher, 18: 8-13.
• 1993. Variations in Counts and Age Ratios of Migrating Sharp-shinned Hawks in Autumn at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 19: 4-6.
• 1993. Spring Hawk Migration Counts at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 19: 7-8.
• 1994. Autumn Sharp-shinned Hawk Migration Counts and Age Ratio Trends at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 20: 4-5.
• 1994. Declining Red-shouldered Hawk Migration Counts and Age Ratio Trends at Bake Oven Knob, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 20: 5-6.
• 1994. Comments on Turkey Vulture Counts During Autumn at, and in the Vicinity of, Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 20: 8.
• 1995. Peak Broad-winged Hawk September Migration Dates at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 21: 5-6.
• 1996. A 36-Year Examination of Migrant Bald Eagle and Golden Eagle Age Ratios at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 22: 5-6.
• 1996. Comments on Variations in the Numbers of Turkey Vultures Counted in the Bake Oven Knob Area of the Kittatinny-Shawangunk Raptor Corridor, Autumn 1996. American Hawkwatcher, 22: 7.
• 1996. Unusual Red-tailed Hawks Observed at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 22: 5.
• 1996. Turkey Vulture Observed Without Tail at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 22: 7.
• 1997. Long Term Variations in September Broad-winged Hawk Migration Counts at Bake Oven Knob, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 23: 5-7.
• 1997. Peregrine Falcon Stoops At Turkey Vulture During Autumn Migration. American Hawkwatcher, 23: 10.
• 1997. An Exceptionally Early August Northern Harrier Migrant at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 23: 10.
• 1997. A Dramatic Sharp-shinned Hawk and Red-tailed Hawk Interaction During Autumn Migration. American Hawkwatcher, 23: 10.
• 2000. A 39-Year Analysis of Major Autumn Broad-winged Hawk (Buteo platypterus) Flights at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania USA. International Hawkwatcher, 1: 16-19.
• 2000. Further Comments On Using The “Hawks Per Hour Rating Scale” To Standardize Hawk Migration Counts. International Hawkwatcher, 1: 14-15.
• 2000. Red-tailed Hawk Carrying Stick At Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania USA. International Hawkwatcher, 1: 19.
• 2000. Comments on the Current Status and Preservation of Four Decades of Original Bake Oven Knob Autumn Hawk Watch Notebooks and Field Data Sheets. International Hawkwatcher, 2: 40-43.
• 2001. The Conservation Importance of Securing Standardized, Long-term Migration Count Data for Black Vultures and Turkey Vultures in North America. International Hawkwatcher 3:6-9
• 2001. Maurice Broun: The Father of Hawk Watching. Northwestern Press, July 30, 2001.
• 2001. Hawk Fest Has Them Flocking to Bake Oven Knob Celebration. Northwestern Press, October 29, 2001.
• 2002. Comments on the Landmark Numbering Systems Used at Bake Oven Knob and Hawk Mountain, Pennsylvania USA. International Hawkwatcher, 5: 31-32.

Heintzelman, Donald S. and Frederic H. Brock

• 2000. A Three-Site Comparison of A Large 1977 Sharp-shinned Hawk Flight in Eastern Pennsylvania. International Hawkwatcher, 1: 8-11.

Heintzelman, Donald S. and Dan R. Kunkle

• 1989. A Mid-November Swainson’s Hawk Record at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County,Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 16:1.

Heintzelman, Donald S. and Robert MacClay

• 1971. An Extraordinary Autumn Migration of White-breasted Nuthatches. Wilson Bulletin, 83: 129-131.
• 1972. An Exceptional Ruby-throated Hummingbird Migration. Cassinia, 53: 45.
• 1976. The 1975 Autumn Hawk Count at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania. Cassinia, 56: 15-21.
• 1976. Autumn Bird Records from Bake Oven Knob, Pennsyvlania (1969-1975). Cassinia, 56: 23-24.
• 1976. Another Exceptional Autumn Migration of White-breasted Nuthatches. Cassinia, 56: 31.
• 1979. Flock Sizes of Migrating Canada Geese in Eastern Pennsylvania in Autumn. Cassinia, 57: 25.

Jacobson, Michael and Wendy Potter

• 1999. A Comparison of Red-shouldered Hawk Autumn Migration Counts at Hawk Mountain Sanctuary and Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania, 1982-1998. American Hawkwatcher, 25:11-16.

Kunkle, Dan R.

• 1989. Broad-winged Hawks Flying in Rain at Bake Oven Knob, Lehigh County, Pa. American Hawkwatcher, 14:1.
• 1998. Long Term Trends in Rough-legged Hawk Migrations at Bake Oven Knob, PA. American Hawkwatcher, 24:11-12

Kikuchi, David

• 2007. Population Trends from Counts of Migrating Raptors at Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania, 1992-2005. American Hawkwatcher 32:8-15

Swartzentruber, Beth and Heather Beck

• 2001. A Comparison of Counts of Red-tailed Hawks Seen at Hawk Mountain Sanctuary and Bake Oven Knob, Pennsylvania, 1961-2000. American Hawkwatcher, 27:11-16.

Teter, Shara, Anton Khalilieh, Elsie Ashworth, Stephen Wamiti, and Leanne Bonner

• 2003. Ridge Adherance in Golden Eagles Migrating along the Kittatinny Ridge between Bake Oven Knob and Hawk Mountain Sanctuary, Pennsylvania, Autumn 2000-2002. American Hawkwatcher, 29:9-14.

Wanamaker, Ed, and Dan Kunkle

• 2002. Comparison of Hawk Migration Observations between Lookouts and Parking Lot at Bake Oven Knob, PA. American Hawkwatcher, 28:17-19.

Wright, Kyle

• 2006. Variability in Hawk Counts: Bake Oven Knob and Hawk Mountain Sanctuary Compared. American Hawkwatcher, 31:9-13.
• 2006. Active Molt Observed in Migrating Raptors in Autumn 2005 at Bake Oven Knob. American Hawkwatcher,